As winter approaches and the temperature drops, pediatricians often see an increase in respiratory issues among young patients.
Cold weather can exacerbate common conditions like asthma and bronchitis, while illnesses like RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus), colds, and the flu tend to make their rounds. The question parents often ask is “How can I tell what’s wrong?”
Asthma and bronchitis
Cold air can be a trigger for children with asthma. It can cause airway constriction and worsen symptoms like coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Ensure your child wears appropriate clothing to keep warm during outdoor activities and consider using a scarf or mask to help humidify and warm the air they breathe. Regular asthma management, including controller medications, is crucial during this time.
Bronchitis is another concern during the winter months. It can develop because of viral infections and often presents with a persistent cough, chest discomfort, and mucus production. If your child develops these symptoms, consult your pediatrician for evaluation and treatment.
RSV vs. colds vs. flu
RSV is a common virus that affects infants and young children. It can cause symptoms resembling a cold, such as runny nose, cough, and fever. However, RSV often leads to more severe respiratory distress in young children, especially those born prematurely or with underlying health conditions. Seek medical attention if your child struggles to breathe or exhibits rapid breathing, as these could be signs of RSV.
Colds and the flu share some common symptoms, making it challenging to distinguish between them. Both may cause congestion, coughing, sore throat, and fever. However, the flu tends to come on suddenly and can lead to more severe symptoms, including body aches and high fever. Flu vaccination remains the most effective means of prevention, so make sure your child receives their annual flu shot.
Preventing respiratory illnesses
To protect your child’s respiratory health this winter, encourage them to practice hand hygiene; make sure they are current on all vaccinations, including the flu shot; maintain good indoor air quality; limit exposure to secondhand smoke; and bundle them up when outdoors. If your child has asthma, adhere to their prescribed management plan diligently. If your child does have a respiratory illness, be sure to keep them out of school so they do not spread it to others.
Dr. Deepa Manimegalan is a pediatrician with TidalHealth Primary Care in Salisbury. To make an appointment, visit tidalhealth.org or call 410-912-5785.